/Users/andrea/_magisterarbeit/korpus/clean/testkorpus/1/file11.html NN ----------------------------------------- : Documentation NN of IN Gator NP Advertisements NNS and CC Targeting VVG Benjamin NP Edelman NP Berkman NP Center NP for IN Internet NP Society NP Harvard NP Law NP School NP Background NN Motivation NN Methodology NN Research NP Analysis NP Testing NP Disclosures NNS Note NN . SENT This DT research NN project NN is VBZ complete JJ , , and CC the DT testing NN system NN now RB provides VVZ only RB archived JJ data NNS . SENT Details NNS in IN Disclosures NNS section NN . SENT Abstract JJ The DT Gator NP Corporation NP designs VVZ software NN to TO display VV advertisements NNS on IN users NNS computer NN screens NNS , , triggered VVN in IN part NN by IN the DT specific JJ web NN sites NNS users NNS visit VVP . SENT The DT author NN has VHZ developed VVN an DT automated JJ method NN of IN determining VVG which WDT specific NN advertisements NNS Gator NP has VHZ associated VVN with IN which WDT web NN sites NNS , , data NNS that WDT may MD be VB helpful JJ to TO web NN site NN operators NNS , , policy NN makers NNS , , and CC others NNS in IN assessing VVG Gator's NP practices NNS . SENT This DT article NN offers VVZ listings NNS of IN more JJR than IN eight CD thousand CD specific JJ sites NNS targeted VVN by IN Gator NP as RB well RB as IN analysis NN of IN the DT advertisements NNS shown VVN . SENT An DT interface NN is VBZ also RB available JJ to TO let VV interested JJ Internet NN users NNS to TO test VV Gator's NP advertisements NNS on IN their PP$ own JJ . SENT Related NP Projects NPS Washingtonpost NP . SENT Newsweek NP et NP al NP . SENT v NN . SENT The DT Gator NP Corporation NP Edelman NP Expert NN Declaration NP Adware NP . SENT Research NP , , Testing NP , , SuitsOther NP work NN by IN the DT author NN BackgroundThe NP Gator NP Corporation NP , , a DT California NP company NN founded VVD in IN 1998 CD , , calls VVZ itself PP the DT leader NN in IN online JJ marketing NN and CC reports NNS on IN its PP$ web NN site NN that IN it PP has VHZ more JJR than IN 30 CD million CD users NNS . SENT As IN Gator NP explains VVZ in IN its PP$ Quick NP Tour NN page NN since IN replaced VVN by IN Gator NP . SENT preserved VVN by IN archive NP . SENT org NP . SENT preserved VVN by IN author NN , , Gator's NP software NN is VBZ installed VVN on IN users NNS Windows NNS computers NNS . SENT This DT allows VVZ Gator NP to TO show VV advertisements NNS while IN users NNS are VBP viewing VVG any DT site NN on IN the DT web NN , , and CC Gator NP promises VVZ advertisers NNS page NN since IN removed VVN by IN Gator NP . SENT preserved VVN by IN archive NP . SENT org NP . SENT preserved VVN by IN author NN that IN it PP can MD even RB display VV their PP$ ads NNS when WRB users NNS visit VVP competitors NNS sites NNS . SENT Gator's NP ad NN formats NNS include VVP pop JJ ups NNS , , pop NN unders NNS , , and CC sliders NNS . SENT According VVG to TO Gator NP , , its PP$ method NN of IN displaying VVG advertisements NNS is VBZ more RBR effective JJ than IN others NNS . SENT Gator NP says VVZ it PP offers VVZ advertisers NNS a DT clickthrough NN rate NN of IN more JJR than IN 10 CD , , purportedly RB more JJR than IN 35 CD times NNS higher JJR than IN average JJ web NN sites NNS . SENT Gator NP attributes VVZ this DT success NN to TO deliver VV ing NP special JJ offers NNS precisely RB related VVN to TO the DT users NNS interest NN at IN the DT time NN they PP are VBP making VVG purchasing VVG decisions NNS or CC shopping NN for IN relevant JJ goods NNS and CC services NNS . SENT Gator's NP Rates NP page NN indicates VVZ that IN its PP$ campaigns NNS begin VVP at IN 25 CD , , 000 CD for IN a DT promotion NN of IN unspecified JJ duration NN . SENT A DT Business NP 2 CD . SENT 0 CD article NN suggests VVZ that IN Gator's NP rates NNS are VBP significantly RB higher JJR than IN the DT ordinary JJ cost NN of IN placing VVG an DT advertisement NN on IN a DT web NN site NN by IN contractual JJ agreement NN with IN the DT operator NN of IN that DT web NN site NN . SENT Gator's NP activities NNS have VHP prompted VVN a DT number NN of IN legal JJ challenges NNS . SENT Facing VVG complaints NNS from IN the DT Internet NP Advertising NP Bureau NP as RB to TO Gator's NP activities NNS , , then RB including VVG banner NN ads NNS that WDT tended VVD to TO cover VV web NN site NN operators NNS own JJ banner NN ads NNS , , Gator NP in IN 2001 CD sued VVD the DT IAB NP and CC subsequently RB settled VVN . SENT In IN 2002 CD , , Gator NP was VBD sued VVN by IN media NNS companies NNS including VVG the DT New NP York NP Times NP and CC Washington NP Post NP in IN a DT case NN in IN which WDT the DT author NN worked VVD as IN an DT expert NN . SENT See VV declarations NNS and CC other JJ case NN documents NNS as RB well RB as IN related JJ disclosures NNS . SENT Gator NP has VHZ also RB been VBN sued VVN by IN LL NP Bean NP , , Lending NN Tree NN , , Six CD Continents NNS Hotels NPS , , and CC UPS NP , , among IN others NNS . SENT Details NNS are VBP in IN the DT pending JJ suits NNS section NN of IN the DT author's NNS related VVN Adware NP . SENT Research NP , , Testing NP , , and CC Suits NP index NN . SENT Return NN to TO topMotivation NN Web NP site NN operators NNS often RB wish VVP to TO learn VV whether IN their PP$ sites NNS are VBP targeted VVN by IN Gator NP advertisements NNS . SENT In IN the DT past NN , , answering VVG this DT question NN required VVD installing VVG the DT Gator NP client NN on IN a DT computer NN and CC checking NN whether IN Gator NP displayed VVD ads NNS subsequent JJ to TO repeated JJ requests NNS for IN the DT specified JJ web NN sites NNS . SENT But CC this DT approach NN suffers VVZ from IN at IN least JJS three CD distinct JJ deficiencies NNS . SENT Manual JJ testing NN of IN a DT site NN using VVG the DT Gator NP client NN software NN requires VVZ obtaining VVG and CC installing VVG Gator NP software NN . SENT Users NNS may MD consider VV it PP undesirable JJ to TO install VV this DT software NN due JJ to TO concerns NNS about IN security NN , , performance NN , , and CC interruption NN during IN their PP$ web NN browsing NN . SENT Some DT users NNS may MD be VB unable JJ to TO install VV this DT software NN on IN their PP$ computers NNS due JJ to TO organizational JJ policies NNS prohibiting VVG the DT installation NN of IN unauthorized JJ software NN generally RB or CC Gator NP specifically RB . SENT Experience NN shows NNS that IN Gator NP imposes VVZ a DT delay NN between IN ads NNS tending VVG not RB to TO show VV one PP popup JJ if IN another DT has VHZ been VBN shown VVN only RB a DT few JJ minutes NNS before RB . SENT Manual JJ testing NN therefore RB typically RB requires VVZ an DT extended JJ period NN of IN browsing VVG a DT web NN site NN at IN least JJS a DT few JJ minutes NNS and CC potentially RB considerably RB longer RBR . SENT Experience NN shows NNS that IN Gator NP targets VVZ its PP$ ads NNS at IN specific JJ directories NNS , , files NNS , , keywords NNS , , or CC transactions NNS . SENT As IN described VVN in IN 2 CD , , Gator NP might MD simultaneously RB have VH in IN its PP$ inventory NN numerous JJ ads NNS to TO be VB shown VVN under IN various JJ permutations NNS of IN these DT circumstances NNS and CC under IN various JJ patterns NNS of IN delay NN or CC other JJ factors NNS unknown JJ to TO the DT web NN site NN administrator NN conducting VVG tests NNS . SENT Gator's NP focused VVD targeting VVG of IN particular JJ browsing NN circumstances NNS further JJR compounds NNS the DT extended JJ period NN of IN browsing NN required VVN by IN 2 CD . SENT With IN these DT deficiencies NNS in IN mind NN , , the DT author NN set VVD out RP to TO devise VV a DT more RBR efficient JJ way NN of IN determining VVG whether IN Gator NP had VHD targeted VVN its PP$ ads NNS at IN a DT given VVN web NN site NN and CC , , if IN so RB , , what WP ads NNS were VBD targeted VVN at IN what WP portions NNS of IN the DT site NN . SENT Return NN to TO topMethodology NN The DT author NN posited VVN that IN the DT Gator NP client NN likely RB communicates VVZ frequently RB with IN Gator NP servers NNS in IN order NN to TO report VV to TO the DT server NN which WDT web NN sites NNS a DT user NN is VBZ viewing VVG and CC in IN order NN to TO learn VV from IN the DT server NN which WDT advertisements NNS to TO display VV in IN response NN . SENT To TO determine VV the DT specific JJ means NN of IN communication NN between IN the DT Gator NP client NN and CC Gator NP servers NNS , , the DT author NN installed VVD a DT packet NN sniffer NN to TO monitor VV all DT communications NNS between IN the DT Gator NP client NN and CC Gator NP servers NNS , , as RB shown VVN in IN the DT diagram NN to TO the DT right NN . SENT According VVG to TO Telecom NP Glossary NN , , a DT packet NN sniffer NN is VBZ software NN that WDT enabled VVD monitoring VVG network NN traffic NN in IN order NN to TO recognize VV and CC decode VV certain JJ packets NNS data NNS transfers NNS of IN interest NN . SENT The DT author NN observed VVD that IN the DT Gator NP client NN sends VVZ standard JJ HTTP NP requests NNS both CC GETs VVZ and CC POSTs VVZ to TO Gator NP servers NNS and CC receives VVZ standard JJ HTTP NP responses NNS in IN return NN . SENT The DT HTTP NP responses NNS received VVD from IN Gator NP servers NNS fall VVP into IN at IN least JJS three CD distinct JJ categories NNS . SENT Some DT responses NNS from IN Gator NP servers NNS contain VVP plain JJ text NN URL NN references NNS to TO specific JJ advertisements NNS stored VVN on IN Gator NP servers NNS . SENT The DT advertisements NNS in IN turn NN fall NN into IN two CD distinct JJ categories NNS . SENT Some DT advertisements NNS are VBP graphical JJ , , taking VVG form NN of IN one CD or CC more JJR . SENT GIF NN or CC . SENT JPEG NN graphics NNS , , sometimes RB along RB with IN an DT HTML NP file NN that IN frames NNS the DT graphics NNS in IN a DT web NN page NN , , all RB compressed VVN in IN a DT ZIP NN file NN . SENT Other JJ advertisements NNS take VVP the DT form NN of IN web NN pages NNS hosted VVD on IN external JJ public JJ URLs NNS . SENT These DT URLs NNS are VBP also RB expressed VVN in IN plain JJ text NN within IN the DT advertisement NN files NNS referenced VVN in IN 1 CD . SENT Some DT responses NNS from IN Gator NP servers NNS contain VVP lists NNS of IN keywords NNS that WDT often RB bear VVP clear JJ and CC recognizable JJ relationships NNS with IN the DT content NN available JJ on IN the DT requested VVN web NN site NN . SENT For IN example NN , , in IN response NN to TO a DT request NN for IN microsoft NP . SENT com NN , , Gator NP servers NNS send VVP the DT client NN a DT file NN that WDT includes VVZ the DT plain JJ text NN scid NN KB NP . SENT en IN us PP . SENT q NN 49500 CD recognizable JJ , , to TO experienced JJ users NNS of IN Microsoft's NP web NN site NN , , as IN a DT reference NN to TO a DT particular JJ technical JJ article NN on IN Microsoft's NP site NN . SENT Casual JJ experience NN indicates VVZ that IN when WRB users NNS visit VVP web NN pages NNS on IN the DT requested VVN web NN site NN that WDT contain VVP these DT keyword NN strings NNS , , users NNS are VBP particularly RB likely JJ to TO receive VV Gator NP advertisements NNS . SENT The DT keywords NNS seem VVP to TO include VV host NN names NNS e NN . SENT g NN . SENT support NN . SENT microsoft NP . SENT com NN , , directory NN names NNS e NN . SENT g NN . SENT netherlands NP , , filenames NNS e NN . SENT g NN . SENT bp NP faq NP . SENT html NN , , and CC terms NNS to TO be VB sought VVN in IN URL NP parameters NNS such JJ as IN search NN terms NNS or CC other JJ requests NNS to TO a DT web NN server NN script NN . SENT Some DT responses NNS from IN Gator NP servers NNS contain VVP references NNS , , again RB in IN plain JJ text NN and CC via IN ordinary JJ HTTP NP links NNS , , to TO . SENT grp NP files NNS that WDT seem VVP to TO refer VV to TO groups NNS of IN sites NNS . SENT A DT referenced VVD . SENT grp NP file NN typically RB contains VVZ text NN that WDT seems VVZ to TO be VB the DT title NN of IN the DT group NN e NN . SENT g NN . SENT Electronics NP Popunder NP Group NP as RB well RB as IN associated VVN commentary NN as RB to TO the DT purpose NN or CC significance NN of IN the DT group NN e NN . SENT g NN . SENT Group NN to TO add VV a DT 3 CD hour NN delay NN between IN all DT tag NN alongs NNS and CC or CC special JJ rules NNS pertaining VVG to TO it PP e NN . SENT g NN . SENT do VVP not RB add VV new JJ advertiser NN without IN having VHG a DT popunder NN exclusion NN added VVD for IN expedia NN . SENT UPDATE VV . SENT As RB of IN May NP 30 CD , , Gator's NP group NN file NN responses NNS no RB longer RB contain VV group NN names NNS or CC descriptions NNS Instead RB , , the DT group NN files NNS contain VVP only JJ gibberish NN txt NN and CC a DT copyright NN notice NN . SENT The DT testing NN system NN has VHZ been VBN modified VVN to TO remove VV this DT information NN . SENT These DT methods NNS of IN data NNS collection NN do VVP not RB speak VV to TO the DT frequency NN with IN which WDT any DT given VVN advertisement NN is VBZ shown VVN on IN a DT targeted JJ web NN site NN . SENT However RB , , empirical JJ testing NN confirms VVZ that IN most JJS ads NNS found VVD via IN these DT methods NNS are VBP in IN fact NN shown VVN frequently RB more RBR often RB than IN not RB , , by IN and CC large JJ on IN computers NNS with IN Gator NP installed VVD that DT visit NN the DT corresponding JJ portion NN of IN the DT targeted JJ sites NNS and CC that WDT have VHP not RB recently RB visited VVN related JJ sites NNS that WDT trigger VVP the DT same JJ or CC similar JJ advertisements NNS . SENT The DT latter JJ restriction NN is VBZ as RB described VVN in IN the DT text NN of IN the DT first JJ example NN rule NN in IN category NN 3 CD , , immediately RB above IN . SENT Experience NN therefore RB suggests VVZ that IN when WRB a DT Gator NP response NN in IN category NN 1 CD above IN references NNS an DT advertisement NN , , that DT advertisement NN is VBZ likely JJ to TO be VB shown VVN to TO a DT Gator NP user NN who WP subsequently RB visits VVZ the DT targeted JJ portion NN of IN the DT site NN at IN issue NN . SENT Future JJ research NN will MD seek VV to TO determine VV the DT method NN of IN prioritization NN among IN competing VVG advertisements NNS , , the DT required VVN times NNS if IN any DT between IN advertisements NNS , , and CC the DT other JJ specific JJ conditions NNS that WDT trigger VVP advertisements NNS or CC that IN cause VV their PP$ suppression NN . SENT In IN the DT course NN of IN determining VVG the DT specific JJ methods NNS of IN communication NN used VVN by IN Gator NP , , the DT author NN reviewed VVD a DT large JJ number NN of IN specific JJ configuration NN files NNS transferred VVN via IN ordinary JJ HTTP NP from IN Gator NP servers NNS to TO the DT Gator NP client NN . SENT However RB , , all DT data NNS interpreted VVN from IN these DT files NNS was VBD found VVN in IN plain JJ text NN , , without IN encryption NN of IN any DT kind NN . SENT Return NN to TO topResearch NN Analysis NN This DT section NN provides VVZ a DT sampling NN of IN web NN sites NNS found VVD to TO be VB targeted VVN by IN Gator NP , , as RB well RB as IN analysis NN of IN the DT specific JJ portions NNS of IN these DT sites NNS targeted VVN and CC the DT specific JJ advertisements NNS shown VVN . SENT The DT following VVG links NNS detail NN 8 CD , , 348 CD specific JJ web NN sites NNS targeted VVN by IN Gator NP for IN advertisement NN display NN . SENT Alphabetical JJ listing NN by IN second JJ level NN domain NN . SENT A DT B NP C NP D NP E NP F NP G NP H NP I NP J NP K NP L NP M NP N NP O NP P NN Q NP R NP S NP T NN U NP V NN W NP X NP Y NP Z NP numbers NNS Sites NP by IN top JJ level NN domain NN . SENT . SENT ORG NP sites NNS , , . SENT EDU NN sites NNS , , . SENT GOV NN sites NNS , , . SENT MIL NN sites NNS , , . SENT INT NP sitesGator NN seems VVZ to TO particularly RB intensively RB target VV certain JJ categories NNS of IN web NN sites NNS . SENT Type NN of IN site NN source NN Sample NP targeted VVN sites NNS of IN sites NNS targeted VVN by IN at IN least JJS one CD Gator NP advertisement NN Average JJ number NN of IN Gator NP ads NNS targeted VVN at IN each DT targeted JJ site NN in IN category NN Credit NP Cards NP Sites NP Source NN . SENT Google NN search NN on IN credit NN cards NNS 65 CD . SENT 5 CD 12 CD . SENT 7 CD Targeted JJ sites NNS include VVP americanexpress NN . SENT com NN 43 CD ads NNS , , ftc NN . SENT gov NP 2 CD , , bankrate NN . SENT com NN 36 CD , , discovercard NN . SENT com NN 2 CD , , hypermart NP . SENT net NN 2 CD Movies NNS Sites NP Source NN . SENT Google NN search NN on IN movies NNS 64 CD . SENT 5 CD 34 CD . SENT 5 CD Targeted JJ sites NNS include VVP imdb NN . SENT com NN 14 CD ads NNS , , go VV . SENT com NN 35 CD , , digitalcity NN . SENT com NN 18 CD , , hollywood NP . SENT com NN 17 CD , , yahoo NN . SENT com NN 309 CD California NP Sites NP Source NN . SENT Google NN search NN on IN California NP 60 CD . SENT 2 CD 8 CD . SENT 8 CD Targeted JJ sites NNS include VVP ca MD . SENT gov NN 3 CD ads NNS , , berkeley NP . SENT edu NP 5 CD , , usc NN . SENT edu NP 2 CD , , caltech NP . SENT edu NP 2 CD , , ucdavis NP . SENT edu NP 4 CD Jobs NP Sites NP Source NN . SENT Google NN search NN on IN jobs NNS 57 CD . SENT 9 CD 12 CD . SENT 2 CD Targeted JJ sites NNS include VVP monster NN . SENT com NN 19 CD ads NNS , , jobs NNS . SENT com NN 6 CD , , hotjobs NNS . SENT com NN 11 CD , , opm NN . SENT gov NP 7 CD , , jobs NNS . SENT net NN 5 CD Refinancing NN Sites NP Source NN . SENT Google NN search NN on IN refinancing VVG 56 CD . SENT 5 CD 19 CD . SENT 6 CD Targeted JJ sites NNS include VVP bankrate NN . SENT com NN 36 CD ads NNS , , cnn NP . SENT com NN 27 CD , , householdauto NP . SENT com NN 5 CD , , forbes NP . SENT com NN 8 CD , , homestore NN . SENT com NN 24 CD Full JJ table NN available JJ , , detailing VVG 115 CD additional JJ search NN terms NNS Note VV that IN all DT analysis NN operates VVZ at IN the DT level NN of IN second JJ level NN domain NN name NN . SENT URL NN listings NNS were VBD stripped VVN to TO second JJ level NN domain NN names NNS , , then RB data NNS was VBD retrieved VVN as RB to TO Gator NP targeting VVG of IN each DT second JJ level NN domain NN name NN . SENT In IN each DT category NN , , the DT second JJ column NN reports VVZ the DT proportion NN of IN sites NNS found VVN to TO be VB targeted VVN by IN at IN least JJS one CD Gator NP advertisement NN . SENT The DT third JJ column NN reports VVZ the DT average JJ number NN of IN Gator NP advertisements NNS targeted VVN at IN those DT sites NNS that WDT are VBP targeted VVN by IN at IN least JJS one CD Gator NP advertisement NN . SENT The DT following VVG link NN provides VVZ a DT partial JJ listing NN of IN advertisers NNS whose WP$ products NNS or CC services NNS are VBP promoted VVN using VVG Gator NP . SENT Gator NP advertisersTesting NN indicates VVZ that IN , , in IN addition NN to TO advertisements NNS targeted VVN at IN specific JJ web NN sites NNS , , Gator NP also RB shows VVZ certain JJ additional JJ advertisements NNS subsequent JJ to TO user NN requests NNS for IN numerous JJ web NN sites NNS . SENT Gator NP seems VVZ to TO prevent VV such JJ advertisements NNS from IN being VBG displayed VVN subsequent JJ to TO user NN requests NNS for IN certain JJ sites NNS , , including VVG Gator's NP own JJ site NN and CC sites NNS specified VVN in IN court NN orders NNS . SENT As RB of IN May NP 2003 CD , , an DT additional JJ 17 CD advertisements NNS were VBD placed VVN in IN this DT category NN of IN general JJ advertisements NNS , , including VVG advertisements NNS about IN replacement NN ink NN cartridges NNS , , cell NN phones NNS , , lotteries NNS , , business NN cards NNS , , and CC DVD NP rental NN . SENT Using VVG the DT testing NN system NN below RB , , these DT ads NNS can MD be VB viewed VVN by IN specifying VVG the DT string NN notrgs NNS as IN the DT domain NN name NN to TO check VV . SENT Targeting VVG to TO user NN profiles NNS . SENT The DT research NN described VVD in IN this DT document NN entails VVZ replication NN of IN communication NN between IN Gator NP client NN and CC server NN using VVG a DT fresh JJ installation NN of IN Gator NP that WDT has VHZ not RB been VBN used VVN to TO visit VV sites NNS other JJ than IN those DT necessary JJ to TO conduct VV this DT testing NN . SENT Whenever WRB the DT Gator NP client NN checks NNS with IN the DT Gator NP server NN as RB to TO advertisements NNS to TO be VB shown VVN subsequent JJ to TO user NN requests NNS for IN a DT given VVN site NN , , the DT client NN sends VVZ the DT server NN a DT unique JJ user NN ID NN and CC machine NN ID NN as RB well RB as IN the DT user's JJ IP NP address NN , , time NN zone NN , , and CC zip NN code NN . SENT Based VVN on IN this DT data NNS , , and CC the DT associated VVN user NN profiling VVG that IN it PP makes VVZ possible JJ , , Gator NP servers NNS could MD customize VV the DT advertisements NNS to TO be VB shown VVN to TO each DT user NN . SENT Testing VVG to TO date NN has VHZ shown VVN no DT signs NNS of IN profile NN based VVN targeting VVG of IN this DT sort NN , , and CC tests NNS with IN different JJ or CC invalid JJ user NN IDs NNS and CC machine NN IDs NNS yield VVP the DT same JJ results NNS as IN tests NNS with IN the DT original JJ IDs NNS as IN set NN by IN Gator's NP installation NN software NN . SENT Nonetheless RB , , Gator's NP marketing NN materials NNS prominently RB offer VVP a DT targeting VVG capability NN . SENT . SENT . SENT based VVN on IN past JJ behavior NN . SENT This DT past JJ behavior NN targeting VVG may NN reflect VVP profile NN based VVN targeting VVG not RB yet RB detected VVN by IN the DT author NN . SENT Alternatively RB , , it PP may MD refer VV only RB to TO display VV of IN an DT ad NN as IN a DT user NN leaves VVZ a DT targeted JJ web NN site NN or CC some DT number NN of IN minutes NNS or CC clicks NNS after IN a DT user NN leaves VVZ that DT site NN . SENT Future JJ research NN may MD attempt VV to TO more RBR fully RB flesh NN out IN Gator's NP profiling VVG systems NNS by IN comparing VVG the DT ads NNS shown VVN to TO users NNS with IN divergent JJ browsing NN histories NNS . SENT Return NN to TO topTesting VVG This DT section NN allows VVZ interested JJ users NNS to TO test VV advertisement NN targeting VVG by IN Gator NP . SENT Simply RB enter VV the DT domain NN name NN to TO check VV into IN the DT specified JJ field NN and CC press VV Submit VV . SENT The DT subsequent JJ page NN reports VVZ 1 CD the DT specific JJ graphical JJ advertisements NNS and CC specific JJ web NN page NN popups NNS and CC popunders NNS shown VVN by IN Gator NP in IN response NN to TO requests NNS for IN the DT specified JJ domain NN name NN . SENT 2 LS the DT specific JJ host NN names NNS , , directory NN names NNS , , filenames NNS , , or CC URL NP keywords NNS targeted VVN by IN Gator NP for IN the DT display NN of IN particular JJ targeted JJ advertisements NNS . SENT 3 LS the DT specific JJ category NN groupings NNS in IN which WDT Gator NP places VVZ that DT domain NN name NN . SENT Name NN . SENT Email NP address NN . SENT Special JJ interests NNS comments NNS . SENT Receive VV updates NNS about IN this DT project NN Receive VV information NN about IN the DT author's JJ other JJ projects NNS Domain NN name NN to TO check VV . SENT e SYM . SENT g NN . SENT harvard NP . SENT edu NP required VVD This DT testing NN system NN provides VVZ up RP to TO five CD graphical JJ advertisements NNS for IN each DT requested VVN site NN . SENT This DT testing NN system NN retrieves VVZ data NNS directly RB from IN Gator NP configuration NN files NNS , , as RB understood VVN by IN the DT author NN according VVG to TO the DT research NN methodology NN described VVD above IN . SENT The DT author NN has VHZ performed VVN extensive JJ tests NNS to TO confirm VV that IN his PP$ understanding NN of IN configuration NN files VVZ correctly RB maps NNS to TO outcomes NNS as IN experienced VVN by IN ordinary JJ users NNS with IN Gator NP software NN installed VVD . SENT However RB , , before IN taking VVG action NN in IN reliance NN on IN these DT results NNS , , the DT author NN recommends VVZ conducting VVG additional JJ hands NNS on IN tests NNS as RB well RB as IN manually RB examining VVG Gator's NP configuration NN files VVZ as RB to TO the DT sites NNS of IN interest NN . SENT All DT uses VVZ of IN this DT system NN are VBP logged VVN for IN future JJ study NN , , analysis NN , , and CC publication NN . SENT The DT results NNS of IN selected JJ requests NNS may MD be VB merged VVN with IN the DT author's JJ prior JJ data NNS and CC reported VVD via IN the DT links NNS above RB . SENT Review VV some DT recent JJ tests NNS below RB . SENT Your PP$ browser NN does VVZ not RB support VV iFRAMEs NNS . SENT If IN it PP did VVD , , this DT space NN would MD show VV a DT listing NN of IN web NN sites NNS recently RB tested VVN by IN others NNS using VVG this DT site NN . SENT You PP can MD view VV that DT list NN via IN this DT link NN . SENT Update VV as RB to TO status NN and CC availability NN of IN this DT testing NN system NN . SENT As IN discussed VVN in IN Disclosures NNS , , below RB , , the DT author NN has VHZ accepted VVN a DT consulting NN role NN in IN pending VVG litgation NN against IN Gator NP . SENT The DT author NN has VHZ therefore RB decided VVN to TO reconfigure NN this DT testing NN system NN to TO provide VV only RB historical JJ , , archived JJ data NNS as RB to TO Gator NP targeting VVG not RB current JJ real JJ time NN results NNS . SENT For IN historical JJ status NN information NN as RB to TO this DT site NN , , including VVG its PP$ blockage NN by IN Gator NP on IN May NP 22 CD 23 CD , , see VVP testing NN status NN page NN . SENT Update VV as RB to TO use VV of IN this DT testing NN system NN . SENT In IN the DT first JJ ten CD days NNS of IN availability NN of IN this DT testing NN system NN , , users NNS tested VVD more JJR than IN 54 CD , , 000 CD distinct JJ domain NN names NNS . SENT Of IN these DT domains NNS , , more JJR than IN 4 CD , , 700 CD were VBD found VVN to TO be VB targeted VVN for IN the DT display NN of IN at IN least JJS one CD Gator NP advertisement NN . SENT Return NN to TO topDisclosures NNS The DT author's NN interest NN in IN Gator NP arose VVD in IN part NN from IN a DT prior JJ consulting NN engagement NN in IN which WDT the DT author NN served VVN as IN an DT expert NN to TO parties NNS adverse JJ to TO Gator NP in IN litigation NN . SENT See VV Washingtonpost NP . SENT Newsweek NP Interactive NP Company NP , , LLC NP , , et NP al NP . SENT v NN . SENT the DT Gator NP Corporation NP . SENT This DT report NN uses VVZ data NN collection NN methods NNS that WDT were VBD developed VVN at IN a DT time NN when WRB the DT author NN was VBD retained VVN by IN no DT parties NNS adverse JJ to TO Gator NP . SENT Since IN conducting VVG this DT research NN , , the DT author NN has VHZ been VBN retained VVN by IN parties NNS adverse JJ to TO Gator NP to TO perform VV work NN apart RB from IN the DT research NN reported VVD and CC made VVD available JJ here RB . SENT The DT author NN continues VVZ to TO receive VV additional JJ inquiries NNS from IN other JJ parties NNS potentially RB adverse JJ to TO Gator NP . SENT The DT author NN has VHZ also RB been VBN retained VVN by IN and CC received VVD inquiries NNS from IN parties NNS potentially RB and CC actually RB adverse JJ to TO WhenU NP , , generally RB regarded VVN as IN a DT competitor NN to TO Gator NP . SENT Due JJ to TO these DT consulting NN relationships NNS , , the DT author NN has VHZ decided VVN to TO reconfigure NN this DT testing NN system NN to TO provide VV only RB historical JJ , , archived JJ data NNS as RB to TO Gator NP targeting VVG not RB current JJ real JJ time NN results NNS . SENT This DT page NN is VBZ hosted VVD on IN a DT server NN operated VVN by IN the DT Berkman NP Center NP for IN Internet NP Society NP at IN Harvard NP Law NP School NP , , using VVG space NN and CC resources NNS made VVD available JJ to TO the DT author NN in IN his PP$ capacity NN as IN a DT Berkman NP Center NP student NN fellow NN for IN academic JJ and CC other JJ scholarly JJ work NN . SENT The DT work NN is VBZ his PP$ own JJ , , and CC the DT Berkman NP Center NP does VVZ not RB express VV a DT position NN on IN its PP$ contents NNS . SENT The DT testing NN system NN uses VVZ thumbnails NNS by IN ABCDrawHTML NP . SENT The DT testing NN system NN previously RB used VVN technical JJ assistance NN from IN hellyeah NN . SENT networks NNS questions NNS to TO Emory NP Lundberg NP . SENT Last RB Updated VVN . SENT June NP 7 CD , , 2003 CD Sign NN up RP for IN notification NN of IN major JJ updates NNS and CC related JJ work NN . SENT